Stroke is the leading cause of serious and long-term disability worldwide. Stroke survivors may recover some motor function after rehabilitation therapy. Many studies have shown that motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer Interface (BCI) can improve upper limb stroke rehabilitation. However, as stroke patients have suffered neurological damage, the brain regions associated with motor function might be compromised, thus impairing BCI performance. In this paper, we tried to explore whether stroke patients" imagination of hand movement differed between paretic versus non-paretic hands. Ten stroke patients (5 male, aged 21-69 years, mean 48.4 ± 15.4) participated in this study. They imagined moving either the left or the right hand according to cues. The common spatial patterns (CSP) approach was used to extract MI features, and a support vector machine (SVM) was used for classification. Results did not show that motor imagery accuracy for paretic hands was not substantially worse than with non-paretic hands. In tandem with other work assessing motor accuracy in healthy participants versus stroke patients, these results suggest that possible concerns about stroke patients" use of BCI-based motor imagery systems may not present serious obstacles to wider research and implementation.
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