Retinoic acid (Ra) is crucial for the patterning and neuronal differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). Ra deficiency in animals disrupts the motor activities and memory abilities. The molecular mechanisms underlying these behavior abnormalities remain largely unknown. In the current study, we treated the astrocytoma cells with citral, an inhibitor of Ra synthesis. We analyzed the differences in the protein concentrations between the treated and untreated astrocytoma cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), Imagemaster software, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In total, 39 of 46 altered protein spots with significant mascot scores were identified representing 36 proteins, that were involved in significantly altered glutamate metabolism, lipid metabolism, mitochrondrial function, and oxidative stress response by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Altered 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) was also observed in western blot. These data provide some clues for explaining the behavioral changes caused by Ra deficiency, and support the hypothesis that Ra signaling is associated with some symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders and schizophrenia.
[1]Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Bio X Ctr, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.
[2]Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Nutr Sci, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China.
[3]Univ Kansas, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[4]Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai 200025, Peoples R China.
[5]Shanghai Inst Mental Hlth, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[6]Fudan Univ, Inst Biomed Sci, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.
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