Cellular senescence is a major hurdle for primary cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Telomere erosion, oxidative stress, the expression of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes all may account for the cellular senescence process with the involvement of various signaling pathways. To establish immortalized cell lines for research and clinical use, strategies have been applied including internal genomic or external matrix microenvironment modification. Considering the potential risks of malignant transformation and tumorigenesis of genetic manipulation, environmental modification methods, especially the decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (dECM)-based preconditioning strategy, appear to be promising for tissue engineering-aimed cell immortalization. Due to few review articles focusing on this topic, this review provides a summary of cell senescence and immortalization and discusses advantages and limitations of tissue engineering and regeneration with the use of immortalized cells as well as a potential rejuvenation strategy through combination with the dECM approach.
[1]West Virginia Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Stem Cell & Tissue Engn Lab, POB 9196,64 Med Ctr Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;
[2]Fudan Univ, Zhongshan Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China;
[3]Chengdu Mil Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan, Peoples R China;
[4]West Virginia Univ, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, WVU Canc Inst, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
(8.0+极速模式)