Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3 beta) has been identified to promote inflammation and its inhibitors have also been proven to treat some inflammatory mediated diseases in animal models. Non-ATP competitive inhibitors inherently have better therapeutical value due to their higher specificity than ATP competitive ones. In this paper, we designed and synthesized a series of new BTZ derivatives as non-ATP competitive GSK-3 beta inhibitors. Kinetic analysis revealed two typical compounds 6j and 3j showed the different non-ATP competitive mechanism of substrate competition or allosteric modulation to GSK-3 beta, respectively. As expected, the two compounds showed good specificity in a panel test of 16 protein kinases, even to the closest enzymes, like CDK-1/cyclin B and CK-II. The in vivo results proved that both compounds can greatly attenuate the LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and diminish inflammation response in mice by inhibiting the mRNA expression of IL-1 beta and IL-6. Western blot analysis demonstrated that they negatively regulated GSK-3 beta, and the mechanism of the observed beneficial effects of the inhibitors may involve both the increased phosphorylation of the Ser9 residue on GSK-3 beta and protein expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The results support that such novel BTZ compounds have a protective role in LPS-induced ALI, and might be attractive candidates for further development of inflammation pharmacotherapy, which greatly thanks to their inherently high selectivities by the non-ATP competitive mode of action. Finally, we proposed suggesting binding modes by Docking study to well explain the impacts of compounds on the target site.
[1]Fudan Univ, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China;
[2]Fudan Univ, Sch Basic Med Sci, Dept Physiol & Pathophysiol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China;
[3]State Inst Pharmaceut Ind, Shanghai Key Lab Antiinfect, State Key Lab New Drug & Pharmaceut Proc, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China
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