[1]Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
[2]First-Episode Schizophrenia and Early Psychosis Program, Division of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
[3]Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
[4]Department of Radiology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
[5]Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zheng.wang@ion.ac.cn.
[6]First-Episode Schizophrenia and Early Psychosis Program, Division of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Mental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: liudengtang@smhc.org.
Abnormal perceptual processing in schizophrenia may contribute to the development of positive symptoms such as hallucinations. Experimental findings suggest that such abnormalities result from impaired processing of local signals into complex cortical representations. Because complex processing is needed to generate the perception of illusory motion from local signals, deteriorated perception of illusory motion would be expected in schizophrenia. However, findings are mixed, and the relationship between complex motion processing and symptoms is unclear. Illusions with multiple flow components (e.g. rotation/expansion) are known to strongly engage specialized complex processing mechanisms that may be abnormal in schizophrenia, but have not yet been investigated. We used a recently constructed paradigm based on the Pinna-Brelstaff illusion to manipulate complex-flow illusory perception in a quantitative manner and probe associations with dimensional symptoms. In 102 patients and 90 controls, perceived speed and perceptual variability for the PBF were measured across a range of parameters. Meanwhile, eye movement was recorded and gaze parameters were analysed to examine effects on illusory perception. Our results showed that patients experienced faster illusory rotation than controls, while they made fewer eye fixations. This heightened illusory perception was significantly correlated with positive and general, but not negative, symptom scores. Our results indicate that unusual processing of complex-flow motion in patients may be specifically related to dimensional symptoms, which could provide a promising strategy for parsing heterogeneity in the schizophrenia syndrome. This further highlights the role of motion perception abnormalities in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, thus encouraging future investigation into visual remediation therapeutics.;
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