The catalytic activity of engineered biochar was scrutinized for generation of glucose and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from starch-rich food waste (bread, rice, and spaghetti). The biochar catalysts were synthesized by chemical activation of pinewood sawdust with phosphoric acid at 400-600 degrees C. Higher activation temperatures enhanced the development of porosity and acidity (characterized by C-O-PO3 and C-PO3 surface groups), which imparted higher catalytic activity of H3PO4-activated biochar towards starch hydrolysis and fructose dehydration. Positive correlations were observed between HMF selectivity and ratio of mesopore to micropore volume, and between fructose conversion and total acid density. High yields of glucose (86.5 Cmol% at 150 degrees C, 20 min) and HMF (30.2 Cmol% at 180 degrees C, 20 min) were produced from rice starch and bread waste, respectively, over H3PO4-activated biochar. These results highlighted the potential of biochar catalyst in biorefinery as an emerging application of engineered biochar.
[1]Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China;
[2]Fudan Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Atmospher Particle Pollut & Prev, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China;
[3]Korea Univ, OJERI, Korea Biochar Res Ctr, Seoul 02841, South Korea;
[4]Korea Univ, Div Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea;
[5]Sejong Univ, Dept Environm & Energy, Seoul 05006, South Korea
(8.0+极速模式)