The introduction of ultrasound into medical student education is well underway in many locations around the world, but is still in its infancy or has yet to begin in others. Proper incorporation of ultrasound education into medical training requires planning and resources, both capital and human. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of ultrasound in medical education throughout the world, as well as various methodologies utilized to improve student education and to incorporate ultrasound into every facet of training. Experiences from various educational systems and available evidence regarding the impact of ultrasound education are summarized. Representing multiple societies and specialties throughout the world, we discuss established modern as well as novel education structures and different successful approaches. (C) 2018 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. All rights reserved.
[1]Caritas Krankenhaus, Dept Internal Med 2, Bad Mergentheim, Germany;
[2]Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Ultrasound, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China;
[3]Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Harvard Med Sch, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA;
[4]Univ Chicago, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ultrasound Serv, Chicago, IL 60637 USA;
[5]Iuliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Sch Med, Imaging Desk & Ultrasound Dept, Cluj Napoca, Romania;
[6]Octavian Fodor Inst Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Cluj Napoca, Romania;
[7]John Radcliffe Hosp, Translat Gastroenterol Unit, Oxford, England;
[8]Univ Sapienza, Policlin Umberto 1, Dept Diagnost Imaging, Rome, Italy;
[9]Univ Sao Paulo, Hosp Clin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
[10]Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Dept Med Ultrasound, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China;
[11]Fudan Univ, Zhongshan Hosp, Dept Ultrasound, Shanghai, Peoples R China;
[12]Univ Bergen, Haukeland Univ Hosp, Natl Ctr Ultrasound Gastroenterol, Bergen, Norway;
[13]Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Med, Bergen, Norway;
[14]Univ Bern, Berner Inst Hausarztmed BIHAM, Bern, Switzerland;
[15]Penn Presbyterian Med Ctr, Dept Med Imaging, Philadelphia, PA USA;
[16]Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Nursing & Hlth Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia;
[17]Sydney Ultrasound Women, Sydney, NSW, Australia;
[18]Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen Acad Med Educ & Simulat, Herlev Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol,Div Surg,Ultrasound Sect, Copenhagen, Denmark;
[19]Brandenburg Med Sch Theodor Fontane, Dept Internal Med & Gastroenterol, Neuruppin, Germany;
[20]Med Univ Vienna, Vienna Gen Hosp, Dept Biomed Imaging & Image Guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria;
[21]Riga Stradins Univ, Univ Latvia, Paula Stradins Clin Univ Hosp, Diagnost Radiol Inst, Riga, Latvia;
[22]Univ Hosp Bonn, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bonn, Germany;
[23]Univ Hosp Bonn, Sono Educ Acad, Bonn, Germany;
[24]Med Univ Vienna, Dept Biomed Imaging & Image Guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria;
[25]Res Ctr Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Gastroenterol, Craiova, Romania;
[26]Klin Hirslanden, EFSUMB Learning Ctr, Dept Internal Med & Nephrol, Zurich, Switzerland;
[27]Aga Khan Univ Hosp, WFUMB COE, Dept Imaging & Diagnost Radiol, Nairobi, Kenya;
[28]Charles Sturt Univ, Ultrasound, Bathurst, NSW, Australia;
[29]Yuanpei Univ Med Technol, Natl Yang Ming Univ, Taipei Vet Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Taipei, Taiwan;
[30]Yuanpei Univ Med Technol, Natl Yang Ming Univ, Sch Med, Taipei, Taiwan;
[31]Univ South Carolina, St Francis Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Columbus, GA USA
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